Mussolini wrote in 1932, "Fascism denies the absurd conventional truth of political equality the myth of 'happiness' and indefinite progress'". In fascist terms, these trends - based on concepts of individuality, equality and positive self-interest - limited the unity and the drive for survival necessary for social renewal. The principles of democracy and capitalism, which stemmed from the European Enlightenment of the 18th century, stood in the way of the power of the State. In fascism, remember, individuals exist only in relation to the State. The State's ever-increasing strength is, in effect, the meaning of life. In this way, physical violence is necessary to suppress anyone who stands outside the group and in the way of the State's power. In fascist ideology, the State cannot achieve and maintain power without strict discipline and the complete unity of mind and body. This leader often becomes a symbol of the State.įascist regimes are also typically violent. This is the concept of Führerprinzip, "the leadership principle" in German - that it's necessary to have an all-powerful, heroic leader to maintain the unity and unquestioning submission required by the fascist State. Authoritarian leadership: The State's interests require a single, charismatic leader with absolute authority.
It's an absolute rejection of humanism and democracy. The State's power depends on the maintenance of a class system in which every person has a definite, unchangeable, specific role in glorifying the state. Fascists believes that clearly divided classes are necessary to avoid any hint of chaos, which is a threat to the State. In this way, it's the antithesis of communism, which abolishes class distinctions.
Survival of the fittest: Some fascists were influenced by the writings of Charles Darwin and his theory of natural selection.
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